Research Notes

This paper estimates income and employment multipliers for South Africa, based on a closed input-output model for the year 2018. Our results are in line with the literature on fiscal multipliers in South Africa and apply to the current conditions of high unemployment, economic stagnation and a negative output gap. Based on our estimates, we predict that the fiscal belt-tightening proposed in South Africa’s 2020 Budget, will reinforce the slow growth of the South African economy and augment the already high rate of unemployment.